1.1 Introduction to Computer System 

Computer Science is the study of computer system.

Computer is an electronic device which process rawdata into meaningful information.



Computer system is combination of hardware and software which makes it to work.

Computer system components are the parts which make it to work.

COMPUTER is common operating machine that process userdata for technological and educational research.

Features/characteristics of  a computer system: ASASDV

  • Automatic: Operates without human input.
  • Speed: Process data quickly.
  • Accuracy: Correct output but GOGO.
  • Storage: Stores data.
  • Diligence: Works repeatedly without mistakes.
  • Versatile: wide range of tasks.
Application of computer system ABCDEF
  • Agriculture 
  • Banking 
  • Communication 
  • Digital marketing 
  • Education 
  • Facebook 
Function of computer system: 
IPOS Block Diagram 
1.2 Input device 
  • Keyboard: Types letter. 
  • Mouse: Point on screen. 
  • Joystick: Control game. 
  • Microphone: Capture sound.
  • Scanner: Convert physical to digital.
  • Webcam: Captures image and videos.
  • Touchscreen: Interact by touching.
  • Touchpad: Moves cursor with finger.
1.3 Central processing unit process data which communicates on the databus from devices connected to the motherboard.

CPU functions 
  • Fetching: Gets an instruction from memory
  • Decoding: Understand what the instruction means.
  • Executing: Carries out the instruction.
  • Storing: Save the result to memory.
  • Managing interrupts: Responds to request which need immediate.
CPU Components 
  • ALU does all math and logic.
  • CU manages other parts what to do.
  • MU stores data and instruction for quick access.


1.4 Motherboard and databus
Motherboard circuits enable CPU to process data from other components.
Databus is a set of wires on the motherboard which communicates data between CPU and other components.

1.5 Computer Memory 
Primary memory is the main storage by CPU for active processing.
  1. SRAM (Static Random Access Memory): Very fast.
  2. DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory): Slow. 
  3. PROM (Programmable ROM): Only one time written.
  4. EPROM (Erasable PROM): Erase with ultra voilet light and then reprogramme.
  5. EEPROM (Electrically EPROM): Electrically erase and reprogramme.
  6. Firmware 
  7. Cache Memory: Small, fast, store for frequently access.
  8. CPU Register: High speed storage in CPU for current running.
Secondary memory use for permanent storage.
  1. HDD (Hard Disk Drive): High capacity and low cost.
  2. SSD (Solid State Drive): Uses flash memory, faster.
  3. Magnetic Tap: Large scale data storage.
  4. CD-ROM: Written once.
  5. DVD (Digital versatile Disc): High storage capacity.
  6. Cloud storage: Stores data on remote server.
  7. USB Flash Drive: Small, portable.
  8. SD Card (Secure Digital Card): {portable memory card.
1.6 Output Devices

Display Unit:
LED Monitor (Light emitting diode): offering high brightness.
LCD Monitor (Liquid crystal Display): Create an image.

Printer:
Laser printer uses laser beam to create an image on a drum then transfer to paper.
Ink-jet printer: Sprays droplets of liquid ink onto paper.
Dot-matrix printer: create an image from a pattern of dots.
3D printer creates three dimensional solid objects.

1.7 Computer Software is a set of programs.
Computer software is classified into two types:
1. System Software operates basic tasks:

a. Operating system software is the system software that controls and manages the overall operation of a computer.

b. Language processor (translator) is system software that translates program written in assembly language or high label language into machine language.
Three types processor: Assembler, compiler and interpreter.

c. Utility software uses for specific tasks as transfer files, search, disk management.

d. Device driver software is a set of programs to control and manage the specific devices.

2. Application software uses user needs:

a. Package or general purpose application software readymade software developed for all general users as MS office, google meet.

b. Customised or tailored software is the application software which is designed to fulfil the specific requirements of an office.

3. Open source software is a free source code to use/change/share.
Propritary software is a private, licenced.

4. Mobile and web application software is designed to work as touchscreen, GPS, camera, social media.
Practical Task
a. Demonstrate computer system and parts
b. Demonstrate various input/output and storages devices.
c. Use different ports to connect peripheral devices

Practical Task 
a. Demonstrate computer system and parts 
b. Demonstrate various input/output and storages devices.
c. Use different ports to connect peripheral devices


Activities 
• Engage students with visuals, animations, and interactive learning resources.
• Demonstrate disassembling and reassembling computers to understand 
hardware components by the teacher.
• Explore hardware and software in everyday devices and appliances.
• More student engagement activities, tech-related topics, and discussion
• Visit or observe a physical and virtual computer laboratory and its 
applications.